dragonsreach is quite correct about this being a neural tube defect.
while this is clearly an extreem case, it is not entirely uncommon even. it can happen anywhere, and does.
there are many possible causes - bult folic acid is a major player in neural tube development. a deficiency could easily result in symptoms like this.
if that photo doesnt convince you ladies to eat veggies while your pregnant i dont know what will....
it can get worse too - fetuses can literally be born with their heads wide open, leaking cerebral fluid (always fatal).
about the post: i dont think that this is inappropriate in any way. seeing images such as this is commonplace in a course on development or medicine. people tend to censor disturbing, yet educational images. IMHO i think this is a major problem; sheltering people from reality (eg. where hamburger comes from or what can happen if you dont take care of yourself while pregnant) doesnt better society in any way.
in regards to morality: i found the parading of the courpse to be a disgusting display of inhumanity. the fathers comment about feeling no remorse was horrible. this being was still a human being, if only for a short time, and deserves our respect.